tag:open.umn.edu,2005:/opentextbooks/subjects/natural-sciencesOpen Textbook Library - Natural Sciences Textbooks2024-03-19T04:25:42Zhttps://open.umn.edu/assets/common/favicon/favicon-1594c2156c95ca22b1a0d803d547e5892bb0e351f682be842d64927ecda092e7.icohttps://open.umn.edu/assets/library/otl_logo-f9161d5c999f5852b38260727d49b4e7d7142fc707ec9596a5256a778f957ffc.png16322024-03-19T04:31:35Z2024-03-19T04:31:35ZNeuroscience, Psychology and Conflict Management<img alt="Read more about Neuroscience, Psychology and Conflict Management" title="Neuroscience, Psychology and Conflict Management cover image" class="cover " width="350" height="467" data-controller="cover" data-placeholder="/assets/common/placeholder-0e0607cbc50663ddb9e8fd188058bcd2630c730ef6ee322801278607b7d5af8e.png" src="/rails/active_storage/blobs/redirect/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTEzNzAsInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--204350df8ad1839a54599c9ddfdf1600c92d4b0e/NeuroscienceCover-350x467.png" />This peer reviewed eBook introduces readers to foundational concepts in neuroscience, cognitive psychology, personality psychology and social psychology to help explain why conflict occurs, how it develops and how it may be managed and/or resolved.16262024-03-17T02:35:59Z2024-03-18T16:57:08ZBiological Psychology<img alt="Read more about Biological Psychology" title="Biological Psychology cover image" class="cover " width="350" height="453" data-controller="cover" data-placeholder="/assets/common/placeholder-0e0607cbc50663ddb9e8fd188058bcd2630c730ef6ee322801278607b7d5af8e.png" src="/rails/active_storage/blobs/redirect/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTEzNDIsInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--6c103af72fdca3da8e53a762018d789f4c1c1daf/081622_RotelProject_Biological-Psychology-Ver3-350x453.jpg" />Biological psychology is the study of the biological bases of behavior and mental processes. It explores how biological factors like genes, hormones, neurotransmitters, and brain structures influence psychological components like thoughts, emotions, memories, and actions. This free and open textbook provides a wide ranging and up-to-date introduction to the main topics and methods of biological psychology.16002024-03-03T23:06:28Z2024-03-03T23:06:28ZPrinciples of Mechanics: Fundamental University Physics<img alt="Read more about Principles of Mechanics: Fundamental University Physics" title="Principles of Mechanics: Fundamental University Physics cover image" class="cover " width="687" height="916" data-controller="cover" data-placeholder="/assets/common/placeholder-0e0607cbc50663ddb9e8fd188058bcd2630c730ef6ee322801278607b7d5af8e.png" src="/rails/active_storage/blobs/redirect/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTEyMDUsInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--76d60285f1b9915f0588c5d87d3267d1ecbff10a/mech.jpg" />This open access textbook takes the reader step-by-step through the concepts of mechanics in a clear and detailed manner. Mechanics is considered to be the core of physics, where a deep understanding of the concepts is essential in understanding all branches of physics. Many proofs and examples are included to help the reader grasp the fundamentals fully, paving the way to deal with more advanced topics. After solving all of the examples, the reader will have gained a solid foundation in mechanics and the skills to apply the concepts in a variety of situations. The book is useful for undergraduate students majoring in physics and other science and engineering disciplines. It can also be used as a reference for more advanced levels.15982024-03-03T22:43:14Z2024-03-03T22:43:14ZCrop Adaptation and Improvement for Drought-Prone Environments<img alt="Read more about Crop Adaptation and Improvement for Drought-Prone Environments" title="Crop Adaptation and Improvement for Drought-Prone Environments cover image" class="cover " width="571" height="858" data-controller="cover" data-placeholder="/assets/common/placeholder-0e0607cbc50663ddb9e8fd188058bcd2630c730ef6ee322801278607b7d5af8e.png" src="/rails/active_storage/blobs/redirect/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTExOTksInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--2b391917b1efabab0d3f72426e8bc798688254a4/crop.jpg" />This book focuses on three important elements in the development of cereal and legume crops in semi-arid West Africa. The first section illustrates the socioeconomic factors that affect the food system for these crops and contains an overview of crop production and consumption in the region. Then, important inputs that affect system productivity are presented: preferences for new seed varieties, yield response to fertilizer, counterfeit herbicides, climate information, and the way farmers develop expectations about the weather events that shape cropping outcomes. The final chapter of section one is dedicated to understanding urban consumer preferences for processed food products derived from pearl millet. The second section addresses the state of the art of phenotyping and the modeling of crop adaptation to dryland farming systems. Chapters in section two focus on the regional network for phenotyping, high throughput phenotyping in field situations, root architectures, and crop ideotypes. In addition, empirical evidence is presented on root and soil interactions and the effectiveness of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs to assess sorghum physiology. Finally, the third section investigates the genetic diversity and improvement of dryland crops. Chapters in this section focus on biodiversity and agricultural system sustainability, orphan crops such as fonio, and the utilization of a regional germplasm collection in the improvement of cowpea, groundnut, pearl millet, and sorghum.15952024-03-03T22:15:50Z2024-03-03T22:15:50ZMicrobiology for Earth Scientists<img alt="Read more about Microbiology for Earth Scientists" title="Microbiology for Earth Scientists cover image" class="cover " width="609" height="788" data-controller="cover" data-placeholder="/assets/common/placeholder-0e0607cbc50663ddb9e8fd188058bcd2630c730ef6ee322801278607b7d5af8e.png" src="/rails/active_storage/blobs/redirect/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTExOTAsInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--83c3aacffd07fd88edc5bd910f9d969c3ebe67ad/micro.jpg" />Microorganisms are the most abundant form of life on Earth and in recent decades it has become increasingly clear that their collective activities are one of the dominant forces shaping the Earth. This book provides earth scientists with an introduction to microbiology and a look at the ways microorganisms are important to their area of expertise. The first part of this book summarizes some basic information about microorganisms, including a discussion of their diversity, physical properties, and metabolisms. From there, the second and third portions of the book are organized around the two-way interactions between microorganisms and their environments. The second portion of the book considers the ways that environmental conditions help determine distributions of microbial activity, including chapters focused on thermodynamic, kinetic, and biological factors. The third and final portion of the book examines the impacts of microbes on their environments. These impacts are placed within the context of earth system science, with chapters focused on impacts to the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. In these chapters, emphasis is placed on microbial impacts to greenhouse gas levels and the quality of water resources, underscoring the relevance of microbiology to environmental concerns of keen interest in the earth science community and beyond. This book is specifically designed for earth science students and can provide a helpful free resource for students in Geomicrobiology courses. However, portions of the book can also have value for students and professionals from any field who are interested in environmental microbiology.15882024-03-03T20:42:21Z2024-03-03T20:42:21ZStatistics for Ecologists: A Frequentist and Bayesian Treatment of Modern Regression Models<img alt="Read more about Statistics for Ecologists: A Frequentist and Bayesian Treatment of Modern Regression Models" title="Statistics for Ecologists: A Frequentist and Bayesian Treatment of Modern Regression Models cover image" class="cover " width="271" height="350" data-controller="cover" data-placeholder="/assets/common/placeholder-0e0607cbc50663ddb9e8fd188058bcd2630c730ef6ee322801278607b7d5af8e.png" src="/rails/active_storage/blobs/redirect/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTExNjUsInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--feffe8e765afc8a1f9d23bb6640fd9aa537179a0/Statistics4Ecologists.pdf.jpg" />Ecological data pose many challenges to statistical inference. Most data come from observational studies rather than designed experiments; observational units are frequently sampled repeatedly over time, resulting in multiple, non-independent measurements; response data are often binary (e.g., presence-absence data) or non-negative integers (e.g., counts), and therefore, the data do not fit the standard assumptions of linear regression (Normality, independence, and constant variance). This book will familiarize readers with modern statistical methods that address these complexities using both frequentist and Bayesian frameworks.15832024-02-01T00:00:00Z2024-02-05T14:44:59ZExperiences in Biodiversity Research: A Field Course<img alt="Read more about Experiences in Biodiversity Research: A Field Course" title="Experiences in Biodiversity Research: A Field Course cover image" class="cover " width="350" height="453" data-controller="cover" data-placeholder="/assets/common/placeholder-0e0607cbc50663ddb9e8fd188058bcd2630c730ef6ee322801278607b7d5af8e.png" src="/rails/active_storage/blobs/redirect/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTEwMzIsInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--442f50160ed6a8775fe3329495c08d33a8ba0057/ebr-cover-350x453.png" />This handbook was developed to support the course, Experiences in Biodiversity Research, which exists to provide early undergraduates with experience in the practice of biodiversity research and demystify the path to careers in this field. Although this course is situated within Iowa State University, guidance for educators is provided throughout the handbook to support those interested in teaching similar courses at other universities.15782024-01-16T22:19:21Z2024-01-16T22:19:21ZFundamentals of Cell Biology<img alt="Read more about Fundamentals of Cell Biology" title="Fundamentals of Cell Biology cover image" class="cover " width="768" height="994" data-controller="cover" data-placeholder="/assets/common/placeholder-0e0607cbc50663ddb9e8fd188058bcd2630c730ef6ee322801278607b7d5af8e.png" src="/rails/active_storage/blobs/redirect/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTA3ODcsInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--b2b4a8fc5875864631ff236e80b0b42e3ca2b8d5/Cover-768x994.png" />This textbook is focused specifically on the principles and concepts of a foundational Cell Biology course. The book takes a more conceptual approach that highlights how scientists study cells, and how to analyze and interpret experimental results. Rather than focusing primarily on historical experiments that were key to our understanding of cells, the book explores a range of more modern experimental techniques so that students can begin to understand how cells are studied now, in the 21st century. The book includes over 200 newly created illustrations and animations, that were specifically designed for this book, as well as review questions at the end of each chapter, to help students explore and understand the material.15452023-12-01T00:00:00Z2024-01-11T14:08:12ZHuman Reproduction<img alt="Read more about Human Reproduction" title="Human Reproduction cover image" class="cover " width="800" height="1034" data-controller="cover" data-placeholder="/assets/common/placeholder-0e0607cbc50663ddb9e8fd188058bcd2630c730ef6ee322801278607b7d5af8e.png" src="/rails/active_storage/blobs/redirect/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTA1MTEsInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--04adaff78748a18d39d82fb8ee779f947453b39f/humanreproduction-cover%20(1).png" />This open textbook is designed to provide a deep understanding of the biological and biomedical aspects of human reproduction, covering a wide range of topics from basic reproductive biology to clinical applications. The book starts with foundational knowledge and progresses to more advanced topics while also including real-world clinical orientation for practical contexts.15372023-11-01T18:40:49Z2023-12-25T15:28:38ZUn Análisis Científico del Ruido Ambiental y Laboral en Sectores Urbanos<img alt="Read more about Un Análisis Científico del Ruido Ambiental y Laboral en Sectores Urbanos" title="Un Análisis Científico del Ruido Ambiental y Laboral en Sectores Urbanos cover image" class="cover " width="1131" height="1600" data-controller="cover" data-placeholder="/assets/common/placeholder-0e0607cbc50663ddb9e8fd188058bcd2630c730ef6ee322801278607b7d5af8e.png" src="/rails/active_storage/blobs/redirect/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTAyNTksInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--0c3efee1cc50118aa410c8b8c63c1db8c104a4aa/submission_50_50_coverImage_es_ES.jpg" />¿Cuál es el nivel de ruido existente Av. Av. 3 de Julio y sus intersecciones entre la calle Ambato y la Y del Indio Colorado de la ciudad de Santo Domingo?, el presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo principal conocer el nivel de ruido existente en este sector de la ciudad, con el fin de determinar el alcance de su afectación y sobre todo sus fuentes, se realizó la evaluación correspondiente de acuerdo con la normativa TULSMA. y Decreto Ejecutivo N° 2393, aplicando la investigación de campo se midió la presencia de ruido ambiental y ocupacional, se requirió del uso de dosímetros calibrados y certificados para obtener información precisa. En esta investigación se estudió estas importantes intersecciones, siendo que, en cuanto a normativa ambiental sobrepasa el nivel tolerable con un diferencial de 10 decibeles en promedio, mientras que en referencia del ruido laboral esta intersección está por debajo de los niveles permisibles con al menos 9 decibeles en promedio, las posibles enfermedades subyacentes más comunes encontradas fueron el estrés, los dolores de cabeza que afectaban principalmente a la población comerciante permanente, y la actividad que mayor emisión de ruido produjo fue el tránsito vehicular, del mismo modo se identificó que el día que se produjo mayor contaminación acústica fue el sábado entre las 11:30 am hasta la 13:00 pm.
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